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:''This article is about the dance company; for the fungus, see ''Pilobolus''. Pilobolus is an American modern dance company that began performing in October 1971. Pilobolus has performed over 100 choreographic works in more than 64 countries around the world, and has been featured on the 79th Annual Academy Awards, ''The Oprah Winfrey Show'' and ''Late Night with Conan O'Brien''. Pilobolus Dance Theatre has three main branches: a touring company, Pilobolus, that creates new works through the International Collaborators Project; an educational programming arm that teaches the company's group-based creative process; and Pilobolus Creative Services, which offers movement services for film, advertising, publishing, commercial clients and corporate events. ==History== Pilobolus is named after a phototropic fungus that Jonathan Wolken's father was studying in a lab at the time of the company's inception. The fungus grows on cow dung and propels itself with extraordinary strength, speed and accuracy. Pilobolus was founded by a group of Dartmouth College students in 1971.〔 It has long been based in Washington Depot, Connecticut with offices in New York City and Belgium. The company tours domestically and internationally, performing works from its over 100-piece repertory as well as new pieces, created at a pace of about two per year. The founding members were Robby Barnett, Alison Becker Chase, Martha Clarke, Lee Harris, Moses Pendleton, Michael Tracy, and Jonathan Wolken. Harris departed around 1975, leaving six members: four men and two women.〔(Music and Dance ), Alan Rich, ''New York Magazine'', Published Dec 19, 1977.〕 In November 1977, Pilobolus made its Broadway debut in a limited engagement at the St. James Theater, to great acclaim. Arlene Croce, writing in the ''New Yorker'', praised the group as "six of the most extraordinary people now performing."〔Matson, Tim, ''Pilobolus'' (Random House, 1978), page 20.〕 Martha Clarke left in 1978. Pendleton left in 1990 after having collaborated with Chase in 1980 to form the offshoot group Momix. The four remaining founders (Barnett, Chase, Tracy, and Wolken) continued as artistic directors, choreographing collectively and in various combinations in collaboration with new dancers brought into the company in subsequent years. Chase left in 2006 and has gone on to found her own company, Alison Chase Performance.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Alison Chase Performance )〕 Wolken died in 2010. Pilobolus performances are characterized by a strong element of physical interaction between the bodies of the performers and exaggerations or contortions of the human form (or other anthropomorphic forms), requiring extreme strength, flexibility and athleticism. From early on, the company "made a specialty of playful topsy-turvy entanglements that defied anatomical logic" and which sometimes "gave rise to bizarre imagery."〔Reynolds, Nancy, and McCormick, Malcolm, ''No Fixed Points: Dance in the Twentieth Century'' (Yale University Press, 2003), page 610.〕 This approach broke new ground, and soon "even choreographers who did not consciously borrow from the group enjoyed new license in bringing bodies (especially men) into closer physical contact"〔Reynolds, Nancy, and McCormick, Malcolm, ''No Fixed Points: Dance in the Twentieth Century'' (Yale University Press, 2003), pages 611-612.〕 than previously. In 1999, Pilobolus collaborated with Maurice Sendak and Arthur Yorinks in the production of "A Selection", a work with the Holocaust as its theme, documented in the film ''Last Dance''. In 2004 the company was the subject of a feature profile on CBS' 60 Minutes. In 2007 Pilobolus appeared as performers in the television broadcast of the 79th Academy Awards. Their act was done in silhouette behind a white translucent screen, where they formed various figures at intervals during the show: first, the Oscar statue itself; then logos (or scenes) from various films: ''Happy Feet'', ''Little Miss Sunshine'', ''Snakes on a Plane'', ''The Devil Wears Prada'', and ''The Departed''. At one point, they were introduced to the audience, wearing loose-fitting wraps. The act for ''Snakes on a Plane'' included host Ellen DeGeneres, who said afterwards, "They're naked!" Whether she was joking or serious was left to the imagination. Following the company's appearance on the 79th Academy Awards, Pilobolus's signature shapes and shadow work were featured in 2008 on the 39th Season of Sesame Street, as well as on Late Night with Conan O'Brien and Oprah. In October 2012, Pilobolus premiered UP: The Umbrella Project, the company's second collaboration with Daniela Rus and the MIT Distributed Robotics Laboratory, at the PopTech Conference in Camden, Maine. Untrained participants wielding umbrellas fabricated with multi-colored LED lights, created a performance piece together that was projected in real time on a large screen. This Pilobolus piece, like all of the modern performance company's work over the last 42 years, was borne out of its proven method of collective creativity. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Pilobolus (dance company)」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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